Ishishini lezokhuseleko lingene kwisiqingatha salo sesibini ngo-2024, kodwa uninzi lwabantu kweli shishini luvakalelwa kukuba eli shishini liya lisiba nzima ngakumbi, kwaye imvakalelo yokudodobala kwemarike iyaqhubeka nokusasazeka. Kutheni oku kusenzeka?
Imeko yeshishini ibuthathaka kwaye imfuno ye-G-end iyacotha
Njengoko isitsho, uphuhliso lweshishini lufuna imeko-bume elungileyo yeshishini. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela oko kwaqhambuka ubhubhane, amashishini ahlukeneyo eTshayina achaphazeleke ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Njengeshishini elinxulumene kakhulu noqoqosho lwentlalo kunye nemisebenzi yemveliso, imboni yokhuseleko ngokwemvelo ayifani. Isiphumo esicacileyo sale mpembelelo kukwehla kwezinga lokuqalisa kweeprojekthi ezikwicala likarhulumente.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, imfuno yemveli yeshishini lokhuseleko ibandakanya urhulumente, imarike yemizi-mveliso kunye nabathengi, apho imakethi karhulumente ithatha indawo enkulu. Ingakumbi ngenxa yeeprojekthi zokwakha ezifana "nesixeko esikhuselekileyo" kunye "nesixeko esikrelekrele", ubungakanani bemarike yeshishini lokhuseleko bukhule ngaphezulu kwe-10% ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaye budlule uphawu lwe-trillion ngo-2023.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane, ukuchuma kweshishini lokhuseleko kuye kwehla, kwaye izinga lokukhula kwemarike karhulumente liye lehla kakhulu, nto leyo eye yazisa imingeni enzima kwimveliso yexabiso lemveliso yamashishini kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ochungechunge lweshishini lokhuseleko. Ukukwazi ukugcina imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kukusebenza okuphumelelayo, okubonisa amandla eshishini kwinqanaba elithile. Kwiinkampani zokhuseleko ezincinci neziphakathi, ukuba azikwazi ukuguqula imeko kwindawo enzima, lithuba elikhulu lokurhoxa kwinqanaba lembali.
Xa sijonga idatha engentla, imfuno iyonke yeeprojekthi zokhuseleko zikarhulumente iyacotha, ngelixa imfuno kwishishini nakwiimarike zabathengi ibonisa indlela yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, nto leyo enokuba yeyona nto iphambili ekuphuhliseni eli shishini.
Njengoko ukhuphiswano lwemizi-mveliso lusiya lusanda, kuya kuba yindawo ephambili yokulwa kwamanye amazwe
Kuyimvumelwano ngokubanzi kwimarike ukuba ishishini lokhuseleko alibandakanyeki. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mpendulo idibeneyo yokuba "umthamo" uphi. Iinkampani zobunjineli/abahlanganisi banike izimvo zabo, ezinokushwankathelwa ngokwezi ndidi zilandelayo!
Okokuqala, “umthamo” ukwixabiso. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lokhuseleko liye langena rhoqo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, nto leyo ebangele ukuba abadlali abaninzi bajoyine kwaye bancintisane kakhulu. Ukuze bakhuphisane ngesabelo semarike kwaye baphucule ukukhuphisana, ezinye iinkampani azizange zilibazise ukukhuphisana ngamaxabiso aphantsi ukuze zitsale abathengi, nto leyo ebangele ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso eemveliso ezahlukeneyo kushishino (iimveliso ezingaphantsi kwama-60 yuan ziye zavela), kwaye inzuzo yamashishini iye yancitshiswa kancinci kancinci.
Okwesibini, “umthamo” ukwiimveliso. Ngenxa yokwanda kwabadlali bezokhuseleko kunye nempembelelo yemfazwe yamaxabiso, amashishini awanalo utyalo-mali olwaneleyo kwizinto ezintsha, nto leyo ekhokelele ekwandeni kweemveliso ezifanayo kwimarike, nto leyo ebangela ukuba lonke ishishini liwele kumda wokhuphiswano.
Okwesithathu, "umthamo" ukwiimeko zesicelo. Ishishini lingene kwixesha lokhuseleko + i-AI 2.0. Ukuze libonise ngokupheleleyo umahluko phakathi kwamashishini kwixesha le-2.0, uninzi lwamashishini ludla ngokongeza imisebenzi emitsha kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuyinto entle, kodwa kuya kwenza kube nzima ukwenza iimveliso zibe semgangathweni, ngaloo ndlela kubangele isiphithiphithi kumashishini kunye nokhuphiswano olungelulo olomeleleyo.
Inzuzo iyonke iqhubekile nokuhla kwaye imida yenzuzo inciphile
Ngokubanzi, ukuba inzuzo iyonke yeprojekthi ingaphantsi kwe-10%, akukho nzuzo ingako. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba kugcinwa phakathi kwe-30% kunye ne-50%, kwaye kunjalo nakwishishini.
Ingxelo yophando ibonisa ukuba umndilili wenzuzo epheleleyo yeenkampani zobunjineli bokhuseleko/abahlanganisi uhlile ngaphantsi kwama-25% ngo-2023. Phakathi kwazo, umndilili wenzuzo epheleleyo yenkampani eyaziwayo iDasheng Intelligent wehle ukusuka kuma-26.88% ukuya kuma-23.89% ngo-2023. Le nkampani ithe ichatshazelwe kakhulu zizinto ezifana nokhuphiswano oluqinisiweyo kwishishini lezisombululo zesithuba esikrelekrele.
Ngokusuka ekusebenzeni kwaba badibanisi, singabona ukuba uxinzelelo lokhuphiswano kushishino lukhulu, nto leyo echaphazela umda wenzuzo iyonke. Ngaphezu koko, ukwehla komgama wenzuzo iyonke, ukongeza ekuboniseni umda wenzuzo onciphileyo, kuthetha ukuba ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso lweemveliso zenkampani nganye luye lwaba buthathaka, nto leyo engalunganga kuphuhliso lwenkampani ixesha elide.
Ukongeza, kwitrekhi yokhuseleko, akuphelelanga nje ekubeni ukhuphiswano phakathi kwabavelisi bemveli luqine, kodwa neenkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ezifana neHuawei kunye neBaidu ziye zangena kule trekhi, kwaye umoya wokhuphiswano uyaqhubeka nokufudumala. Kwimeko enjalo yeshishini, umdla wokuvelisa izinto ezintsha wabantu abancinci nabaphakathi.
Kwimeko-bume yeshishini, inzondelelo yokuyila izinto ezintsha yeenkampani zokhuseleko ezincinci neziphakathi ayiphepheki.
Ngokubanzi, kuphela xa inkampani inenzuzo epheleleyo apho inokufumana inzuzo ephambili kunye nothotho lwemisebenzi yeshishini elandelayo.
Ukungabikho kokuthatha amanyathelo okuqala, ukufuna uzinzo kuqala
Ngokubanzi, kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwemarike, ukuba amashishini afuna ukugcina uphuhliso oluqhubekayo nokukhula, uphuhliso lwemarike linyathelo elibalulekileyo elicwangcisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngengxoxo nonxibelelwano, kufunyaniswe ukuba abahlanganisi bokhuseleko kunye neenkampani zobunjineli abanamdla ngophuhliso lwemarike njengangaphambili, kwaye abakhuthele kangako ekuhloleni ubuchwepheshe obutsha njengangaphambili.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-09-2024