Kwiziko Zokufowunela – Qhagamshela iiarhente zakho ezikude
• Isishwankathelo
Ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19, akulula ukuba amaziko okufowunela aqhubeke nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Iiarhente zisasazeke kakhulu ngokweendawo njengoko uninzi lwazo kufuneka zisebenzele ekhaya (WFH). Itekhnoloji yeVoIP ikunika amandla okunqoba lo mqobo, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo eziqinileyo njengesiqhelo kwaye ugcine igama lenkampani yakho lidumile. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezinokukunceda.
• Umnxeba ongenayo
I-Softphone (esekelwe kwi-SIP) ngokuqinisekileyo sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu kwiiarhente zakho ezikude. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela, ukufaka ii-softphone kwiikhompyutha kulula, kwaye iingcali zinokunceda kule nkqubo ngezixhobo zedesktop ezikude. Lungiselela isikhokelo sokufakela iiarhente ezikude kunye nomonde.
Iifowuni ze-IP zedesktop zingathunyelwa nakwiindawo zeearhente, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ulungiselelo sele lwenziwe kwezi fowuni kuba iiarhente azingoochwephesha bobuchwephesha. Ngoku iiseva eziphambili ze-SIP okanye ii-IP PBXs zixhasa uphawu lokubonelela ngokuzenzekelayo, olunokwenza izinto zibe lula kunangaphambili.
Ezi fowuni ze-softphone okanye ii-IP phones zihlala zibhaliswe njengezongezo ze-SIP ezikude kwiseva yakho ephambili ye-SIP kwikomkhulu leziko leefowuni nge-VPN okanye i-DDNS (iNkqubo yeDynamic Domain Name). Iiarhente zinokugcina izongezo zazo zokuqala kunye nemikhwa yabasebenzisi. Okwangoku, kufuneka kwenziwe useto oluthile kwi-firewall/router yakho efana nokudlulisela i-port njl.njl., nto leyo ngokungenakuphepheka ezizisa ezinye izoyikiso zokhuseleko, ingxaki ayinakutyeshelwa.
Ukuze kube lula ukufikelela kwifowuni ethambileyo ekude kunye nefowuni ye-IP, isilawuli somda weSession (SBC) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo, ebekwe kumda wenethiwekhi yeziko lokufowunela. Xa i-SBC ithunyelwe, yonke ithrafikhi enxulumene ne-VoIP (zombini i-signaling kunye ne-media) inokudluliselwa ukusuka kwiifowuni ezithambileyo okanye iifowuni ze-IP nge-intanethi kawonkewonke ukuya kwi-SBC, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba yonke ithrafikhi ye-VoIP engenayo/ephumayo ilawulwa ngononophelo ziziko lokufowunela.
Imisebenzi ephambili eyenziwa yi-SBC ibandakanya
Lawula ii-endpoints ze-SIP: I-SBC isebenza njengeseva ye-proxy ye-UC/IPPBXs, yonke imiyalezo yokubonisa enxulumene ne-SIP kufuneka yamkelwe kwaye ithunyelwe yi-SBC. Umzekelo, ngelixa i-softphone izama ukubhalisa kwi-IPPBX ekude, igama le-IP/domain elingekho mthethweni okanye iakhawunti ye-SIP inokubandakanywa kwi-header ye-SIP, ngoko ke isicelo sokubhalisa i-SIP asiyi kuthunyelwa kwi-IPPBX kwaye songeze i-IP/domain engekho mthethweni kuluhlu lwabantu abamnyama.
I-NAT traversal, ukwenza imephu phakathi kwendawo yedilesi ye-IP yabucala kunye ne-intanethi kawonke-wonke.
Umgangatho weNkonzo, kuquka ukubeka phambili ukuhamba kwezithuthi ngokusekelwe kwizicwangciso ze-ToS/DSCP kunye nolawulo lwe-bandwidth. I-SBC QoS kukukwazi ukubeka phambili, ukunciphisa kunye nokuphucula iiseshoni ngexesha langempela.
Kwakhona, i-SBC inikezela ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufana nokukhuselwa kwe-DoS/DDoS, ukufihla i-topology, ukubethela kwe-SIP TLS / SRTP njl., kukhusela amaziko okufowunela ekuhlaselweni. Ngaphezu koko, i-SBC inikezela ngezakhono zokusebenzisana kwe-SIP, ukuguqulela iikhowudi kunye nokulawula imidiya ukwandisa uqhagamshelo lwenkqubo yeziko lokufowunela.
Kwiziko lokufowunela elingafuni ukusebenzisa ii-SBC, enye indlela kukuxhomekeka kunxibelelwano lwe-VPN phakathi kweziko lokufowunela lasekhaya nelikude. Le ndlela inciphisa amandla eseva ye-VPN, kodwa inokwanela kwezinye iimeko; ngelixa iseva ye-VPN yenza imisebenzi yokhuseleko kunye ne-NAT traversal, ayivumeli ukubeka phambili ithrafikhi ye-VoIP kwaye idla ngokubiza kakhulu ukuyilawula.
• Umnxeba ophumayo
Kwiminxeba ephumayo, sebenzisa nje iifowuni ze-arhente. Lungiselela ifowuni ye-arhente njengesandiso. Xa i-arhente isenza iminxeba ephumayo nge-softphone, iseva ye-SIP iya kuchonga ukuba esi sisandiso sefowuni ephathwayo, kwaye kuqala iqalise umnxeba kwinombolo yefowuni ephathwayo nge-VoIP media gateway eqhagamshelwe kwi-PSTN. Emva kokuba ifowuni ye-arhente idlulile, iseva ye-SIP emva koko iqalise umnxeba kumthengi. Ngale ndlela, amava abathengi afana. Esi sisombululo sifuna izixhobo ze-PSTN eziphindwe kabini apho amaziko eefowuni aphumayo adla ngokuba namalungiselelo aneleyo.
• Qhagamshelana nabaNiki beNkonzo
I-SBC eneempawu eziphambili zokuhambisa iifowuni, inokudibanisa kwaye ilawule ababoneleli abaninzi be-SIP Trunk abangenayo nabaphumayo. Ukongeza, ii-SBC ezimbini (1+1 redundancy) zinokusetwa ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka okuphezulu.
Ukuze uqhagamshelane nePSTN, ii-E1 VoIP gateways zezona zilungileyo. I-E1 gateways ezinoxinano olukhulu ezifana nee-CASHLY MTG series Digital VoIP gateways ezinee-E1s ezingama-63, i-SS7 kunye namaxabiso akhuphisanayo kakhulu, ziqinisekisa izixhobo ezaneleyo ze-trunk xa kukho i-traffics enkulu, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezingathembisiyo kubathengi beziko lokufowunela.
Iziko lokufowunela elisebenza ekhaya, okanye iiarhente ezikude, zisetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza njengeteknoloji yamva nje ukugcina ukuguquguquka, kungekuphela nje kweli xesha likhethekileyo. Kumaziko okufowunela abonelela ngenkonzo yabathengi kwiindawo ezininzi zexesha, iziko lokufowunela elikude linokubonelela ngenkonzo epheleleyo ngaphandle kokufaka abasebenzi kwiishifti ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, zilungiselele ngoku!